![]() Therefore, sex determination of this kind of material needs not to rely exclusively on the examination of morphological traits which requires a multivariate approach. As for sexual dimorphism, the results revealed that it is not significantly affected by heat and that such differences between females and males can be useful to classify unknown individuals according to sex based on the univariate metric analysis of calcined bones. Therefore, the occurrence of these features is probably related to the preservation of collagen-apatite bonds which play an important role on the mechanical strength of bone. The research demonstrated that, although heat-induced warping and thumbnail fracturing is much more typical of cremations on fleshed cadavers, these features are also present on the burned remains of defleshed skeletons. This was done by examining human skeletons both prior and after cremation on two different cremation samples: one composed of recently dead cadavers submitted to cremation and another one composed of dry skeletons recently exhumed. ![]() Finally, the value of postcremation skeletal weights for bioarchaeological interpretation of funerary contexts was also investigated. Secondly, the implication of heat-related dimensional change on sexual dimorphism and consequent sex determination from calcined bones was addressed. The first one regarded the relevance of heat-induced warping and thumbnail fracturing for the determination of the pre-cremation condition of the human remains. The present research tackled these problems by analysing present-day cremations on a modern crematorium in order to investigate three distinct issues. ![]() ![]() Also, some other investigation was carried out by extrapolating from the results obtained on unburned skeletons, which is an inadequate indirect approach. In addition, a significant part of that research was either developed on rather small samples of human bones or on samples of faunal bones. As a result, quantitative analysis based on measurements and weighing are usually overlooked due to uncertainties regarding their ability to correctly process burned skeletal remains.Īlthough some pioneering research on this issue has been carried out in the Past, this remained sporadic and with little application from bioanthropologists. These changes especially affect the structure of bone leading to fragmentation, dimensional modification, warping and fracturing. The analysis of burned bone stumbles on the problems raised by the heatinduced changes that seriously interfere with the methods adopted by biological anthropologists. ![]()
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